Needs of pregnant women with ostomy: A scoping review

Abstract

Introduction
Decision delaying to have children has led to an increase in maternal age and a higher prevalence of associated pathologies in pregnancy, making antenatal surveillance more complex. Pathologies such as inflammatory bowel diseases have had an increase in prevalence at national level, primarily affect people between 15 and 35 years and are a major cause of ostomy realization.

Objective
Mapping the evidence about the needs of women with bowel elimination ostomies during pregnancy.

Methods
This review was based on the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. The search was conducted on the EBSCOhost platform through the MEDLINE Ultimate, CINAHL Ultimate, MedicLatina and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews databases and on the PubMed and SciELO platforms, on April 14, 2024, and even in the gray literature namely on websites. Was limited to the languages Portuguese, French, Spanish (Castilian) or English, with no time limits.

Results
We identified 570 studies, 5 websites and one citation of which 15 were included. The selected records were published between the years 1957 and 2024. The results were categorized into four types which summarize the needs: daily life permeated by the stoma care requirements, to be linked and supported, challenges in assessing foetal well-being and having a plan.

Conclusion
To meet the needs of these women, informed health professionals and the involvement of a multidisciplinary team are necessary. Given the lack of information and the existence of little up-to-date information on this topic, it is considered necessary to develop studies that allow a better understanding of the impact of pregnancy after stoma surgery. It is also considered necessary to investigate the knowledge that professionals who accompany pregnant women have about pregnancy with an ostomy.